Effective Leadership Practices, Part 3

 Intermittently over the past several weeks, we have been looking at effective leadership practices as outlined by Kent M. Keith in The Case for Servant Leadership.  Key practices have been self-awareness and listening, changing the pyramid and developing your colleagues, and this week we’ll explore coaching (not controlling) and unleashing the energy and intelligence of others.

Servant leadership espoused a coaching approach to working with others long before it became popular.  The idea behind this tenet, as Keith (2008) notes, is that no one really controls anyone else.  As leaders we can motivate and inspire, we can remove barriers to self-direction, and on the negative side we can compel compliance by exerting threats or pleas, but ultimately people choose their own actions.  A leader who thinks she truly controls her team is delusional. If you’ve ever ridden a horse, you understand that the horse is much more powerful than the rider and the rider is only directing the horse because the horse chooses to be cooperative.  Leading a team is much the same. 

Displays of power and authority can get people to act, but they often produce the appearance of compliance and inspire large amounts of defiance instead.  Servant leaders coach.  They teach, they mentor, and they facilitate.  They understand that everything they do is done via relationships with those who are closer to the customer, the client, or the public that is served by the organization.  So, as Keith (2008, p. 48) states, “The issue for the servant-leader is not how to control others, but how to build strong, positive relationships with others.”  That is coaching, not controlling.

One of the ways they do that is the second effective leadership practice we will discuss today: unleashing the energy and intelligence of others.  Servant leaders remove the barriers to self-efficacy for others, allowing them to tap into their own internal motivation.  They also identify and grow the talents of their colleagues, they include their team members in decisions and major activities, like goal setting and evaluation, and they coach them along the way. 

This does not mean that they abdicate the responsibility to hold others accountable, or let a dysfunctional colleague dominate or alienate the team.  Servant leaders hold themselves responsible to the needs of their team colleagues, but they also work in service of the needs and goals of the organization.  When an individual hijacks that process through noncooperation or toxic behavior, the servant leader, like other types of leaders, takes remedial action to correct the situation, or terminates the employment if no other remedy works.  The servant leader does not allow one person’s dysfunctional choices to corrupt the development and work of others.

Through these methods – coaching and unleashing the energy and intelligence of others – the effective leader can leverage the talents and abilities of his team, fully engaging his colleagues to choose to do their best.

Cited:

Keith, K. M. (2008). The case for servant leadership. Westfield, IN:  The Greenleaf Center for Servant Leadership.

Effective Leadership Practices, Part 1

For the past several weeks, we’ve been exploring servant leadership, a style of leadership that turns many aspects of traditional, “command and control” leadership on their heads.  Any time you discover a new leadership style or model, you probably want to know more about what the model looks like in action, so for the next three weeks, I’ll be taking servant leadership closer to ground level.  I’ll be summarizing the essential practices of servant leaders, as described by Kent M. Keith, in The Case for Servant Leadership. 

The first two key leadership practices Keith describes are self-awareness and listening.  It’s not a coincidence that self-awareness is the first practice because, in the “physician, heal thyself” tradition, change begins with us.  Self-awareness is the “mother skill” because it allows the development of the other skills.  If you aren’t aware of your strengths and growth opportunities, how can you turn the latter into the former?  How can you make your strengths even better?  You can’t. 

Further, self-awareness is important because robust teams – the outcome of good leadership – can’t be formed by a leader who doesn’t understand her impact.  Leaders in a group have enormous influence.  Keith and others describe the many studies that demonstrate that people’s behavior changes around a leader.  They literally look to the leader, either consciously or unconsciously, for his reaction and often mirror it.  Leaders set the tone.

A friend’s father understood this and had a nice way of teaching it.  He managed a plant for many years and he was well known for his positive style.  When speaking about the importance of self-awareness, he put it succinctly: “Leaders don’t have the luxury of bad moods.”  He recognized that those in leadership positions have many perks – such as the power to set the tone as just described – but there were many corollary responsibilities as well and one of those is refraining from taking out a bad mood on a team or infecting them with one.  In other words, a leader’s enthusiastic, motivated mood catches on, as does a negative, uncooperative mood.  Yes, we all have our Debbie Downer days, but leaders must find a way to deal with theirs privately lest they infect their teams with their bad moods.

The second essential practice of servant leadership is listening.  Many leadership experts extol the power of listening as a leadership skill and there are numerous ways to improve your listening skills.  Entire books have been written about this topic, so we’ll dive deeper into this skill at a later time.  But for now, it’s important to know that Robert Greenleaf, the father of servant leadership, said, “Only a natural servant automatically responds to any problem by listening first” (2008, p. 18). Stephen Covey understood the necessity of listening to the extent that he made it one of his seven habits:  Seek first to understand, then to be understood.  Keith (2008, p. 38) sums it up well:  “The main point is this: Servant-leaders don’t begin with the answer, the program, the product, the procedure, the facility.  They don’t begin with their own knowledge or expertise.  They begin with questions that will help identify the needs of others.”  (Those “others” also include the needs of the organization.)    

Self-awareness and listening are foundational practices of effective leadership.  The good news is that you can start immediately. What can you do this week to notice your effect on others and listen better?

Cited:

Keith, K. M. (2008). The case for servant leadership. Westfield, IN:  The Greenleaf Center for Servant Leadership.

Greenleaf, R. K. (2008).  The servant as leader. Westfield, IN:  The Greenleaf Center for Servant Leadership.

C’mon, All the Cool Kids are Doing It: What Other Leaders Say About Servant Leadership

For the past several weeks, I’ve been posting about servant leadership.  Servant leadership contrasts pretty significantly from some of the more traditional ways people view leadership.  But even though many people are turned off by the power-hungry practices of many old school leaders, servant leadership can feel unfamiliar.  Sometimes something that’s different can feel strange and you can hesitate about learning more about it.  If that’s you, would you be interested in knowing what other famous leaders say about servant leadership?

Stephen Covey was a fan.  Mr. Covey, as you know, was famous for espousing character-based leadership, which he described in his book, Seven Habits of Highly Effective People, and many other publications over the years.  He said, “Of all these fundamental, timeless principles [which he says “have governed, and always will govern, all enduring successes”] is the idea of servant leadership, and I am convinced that it will continue to dramatically increase in its relevance….” (Covey, as cited in Keith, 2008, pp. 32-33).

Not a Covey disciple?  Well, how about Peter Drucker?  You know, the guy who is, in many ways, the father of modern management theory?  According to Keith (2008, p. 33), Drucker “described the effective executive as someone who is focused on contribution and focused on others – a good definition of servant leadership in business.” 

But wait!  There’s more!  Jim Collins, the author of Good to Great, describes various levels of leaders, with the higher levels corresponding to better leaders.  The highest level – Level 5 – leaders, “channel their ego needs away from themselves and into the larger goal of building a great company.  It is not that Level 5 leaders have no ego or self-interest.  Indeed, they are incredibly ambitious – but their ambition is first and foremost for the institution, not themselves” (as cited in Keith, 2008, p. 33).

Surely by now you’re convinced that servant leadership is awesome, right?  If you’re a Peter Senge fan -- and if you’re not, get thee to a library, read The Fifth Discipline, and become one, stat -- you’ll be glad to know he’s a servant leadership proponent: “I believe that the book Servant Leadership, and in particular the essay, “The Servant as Leader,” which starts the book off, is the most singular and useful statement on leadership that I have read in the last 20 years…if you are really serious about the deeper territory of true leadership…read Greenleaf” (Senge, as cited in Keith, 2008, p. 34).

You may be saying, “Yes, but what about real organizations?  How does all this work in the real world and why should I learn more about it?”  OK, I hear you.  The Fortune Magazine 100 Best Companies to Work For list contains several companies among its ranks that have initiated servant leadership principles and are highly successful.  They include “TDIndustries, Southwest Airlines, Synovus Financial Corporation, The Container Store, and AFLAC” (Keith, 2008, p. 35).  The Chronicle of Higher Education’s Great Colleges to Work For listing similarly contains many institutions that have adopted servant leadership principles and practices.

Not only do well-respected leadership experts agree that servant leadership is the way to go, but the success of many organizations prove it.  So…what are you waiting for?  You in?

Cited: Keith, K. M. (2008). The case for servant leadership. Westfield, IN:  The Greenleaf Center for Servant Leadership.